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This month, we’d like to highlight the contributions of Black innovators who have shaped our world. One of my favorite stories to share is that of Lonnie Johnson—an engineer whose curiosity and creativity led to the invention of the Super Soaker. His journey is a perfect example of how STEM skills, problem-solving, and a little bit of fun can lead to something amazing.
The STEM Story: From NASA to Backyard Fun
Lonnie Johnson started his journey to becoming an inventor with a love for tinkering and engineering. After earning a degree in mechanical engineering from Tuskegee University, he worked with the U.S. Air Force and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, contributing to major projects like the Galileo spacecraft. But his most famous invention was not part of his strategic planning—it was a happy accident!
In 1982, while experimenting with a new heat pump, Johnson noticed how a homemade nozzle sent water flying across the room. He immediately saw the potential for a next-level water blaster. After years of prototyping and problem-solving, his design — originally called the “Power Drencher” — was rebranded as the “Super Soaker” and hit the market in 1990. It became an instant hit, and young and older people still enjoy this invention today.
The Science Behind the Super Soaker
The Super Soaker works because of physics—specifically pressure and fluid dynamics. Unlike traditional squirt guns, which rely on suction, the Super Soaker uses air pressure to propel water with force. This engineering breakthrough made it possible to shoot water farther and with more power, revolutionizing water toys.
Beyond the Super Soaker: STEM in Action
Lonnie Johnson’s impact goes far beyond water blasters. Through his company, Johnson Research & Development, he has worked on cutting-edge battery technology and energy solutions. His work in lithium-ion and solid-state batteries is shaping the future of renewable energy.
STEM Challenge: Design Your Own Water Blaster!
Inspired by Lonnie Johnson’s ingenuity? Try this hands-on STEM activity!
Challenge
Use everyday materials to design and build a water blaster that can propel water the farthest.
Materials
- plastic bottles
- balloons
- rubber bands
- tape
- straws
- water
Guiding Questions:
- How can you create pressure to shoot the water farther?
- What kind of nozzle works best?
- How can you improve your design through testing?
Encourage students to iterate, test, and refine their designs — just like real engineers do!
Final Thoughts
Lonnie Johnson’s journey is a powerful reminder that innovation thrives when diverse perspectives are included in STEM. His contributions, from aerospace engineering to the Super Soaker, highlight the importance of perseverance and creativity — qualities that should be nurtured in every student, regardless of their background. Yet, stories like his are often overlooked, reinforcing the need for greater representation in STEM fields. When students see innovators who look like them, they realize that their ideas matter, their curiosity has value, and their potential is limitless. By celebrating diverse trailblazers like Johnson, we’re not just honoring the past—we’re shaping a future where every aspiring scientist, engineer, and inventor feels empowered to make their mark.
-Chauntée Pitts
